Retatrutide References: Cited Clinical Trial and Research Literature — Clinic Retatrutide

All sources cited across this Retatrutide reading desk, listed in citation order. PubMed links and DOIs are included where available. This site summarizes the peer-reviewed research literature; it does not conduct original research.

  1. Jastreboff AM, Kaplan LM, Frias JP, et al. Triple-Hormone-Receptor Agonist Retatrutide for Obesity — A Phase 2 Trial. N Engl J Med. 2023;389(6):514-526.
  2. Rosenstock J, Frias J, Jastreboff AM, et al. Retatrutide, a GIP, GLP-1 and glucagon receptor agonist, for people with type 2 diabetes: a randomised, double-blind, placebo and active-controlled, parallel-group, phase 2 trial conducted in the USA. Lancet. 2023;402(10401):529-544.
  3. Sanyal AJ, et al. Triple hormone receptor agonist retatrutide for metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: a randomized phase 2a trial. Nat Med. 2024;30(8):2195-2204.
  4. Li et al. Structural insights into the triple agonism at GLP-1R, GIPR and GCGR manifested by retatrutide. Cell Discov. 2024;10:76.
  5. Eli Lilly and Company. Lilly's triple agonist, retatrutide, delivered powerful weight loss in pivotal Phase 3 obesity trial (TRIUMPH-1 topline results). Eli Lilly Investor Relations / PR Newswire. 2025.
  6. Coskun T, et al. Effects of retatrutide on body composition in people with type 2 diabetes: a substudy of a phase 2, double-blind, parallel-group, placebo-controlled, randomised trial. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol. 2025.
  7. Efficacy and safety of retatrutide, a novel GLP-1, GIP, and glucagon receptor agonist for obesity treatment: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. PMC / systematic review. 2025.
  8. Eli Lilly and Company. Lilly's triple agonist, retatrutide, delivered weight loss of up to an average of 71.2 lbs along with substantial relief from osteoarthritis pain in first successful Phase 3 trial. Eli Lilly Investor Relations. 2025.
  9. Seven glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists and polyagonists for weight loss in patients with obesity or overweight: an updated systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. PubMed. 2024.
  10. Efficacy and safety of retatrutide, a novel GLP-1, GIP, and glucagon receptor agonist for obesity treatment: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. PMC. 2025.
  11. Clinical Trials Arena / ESC Congress presentation. ESC 2024: Retatrutide improves lipid and cardiovascular risk profile in Phase II trial. Clinical Trials Arena. 2024.
  12. Pasqualotto E, et al. Effects of once-weekly subcutaneous retatrutide on weight and metabolic markers: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Metabolism Open. 2024.
  13. Belay KE, Jemal RH, Tuyizere A. Innovative Glucagon-based Therapies for Obesity. J Endocr Soc. 2024;8(12).
  14. Lopes T, Hope DCD, Ramos-Pittol JM, et al. Dietary protein defends lean mass and maintains the metabolic benefits of glucagon receptor agonism in mice. Mol Metab. 2024;89:102024.
  15. Alves GAM, Teranishi M, Ortega ACTCG, James F, Arachchige ASPM. Mechanisms of GLP-1 in Modulating Craving and Addiction: Neurobiological and Translational Insights. Med Sci (Basel). 2025;13(3):136.
  16. Goldney J, Hamza M, Surti F, Davies MJ, Papamargaritis D. Triple Agonism Based Therapies for Obesity. Curr Cardiovasc Risk Rep. 2025.
  17. Eli Lilly and Company. Lilly's triple agonist, retatrutide, delivered powerful weight loss in pivotal Phase 3 obesity trial. PR Newswire. 2025.
  18. Weight Regain After GLP-1-Based Therapy Discontinuation: Failure, Physiology, or Follow-Up Gap. PubMed. 2025.
  19. Ramsbacher N. The First Triple Agonist for Antiobesity: Retatrutide. Clin Diabetes. 2024;42(4):499-507.
  20. Katsi V, Koutsopoulos G, Fragoulis C, Dimitriadis K, Tsioufis K. Retatrutide — A Game Changer in Obesity Pharmacotherapy. Biomolecules. 2025;15(6):796.
  21. Urva S, Coskun T, Loh MT, Du Y, Thomas MK, Gurbuz S, Haupt A, Benson CT, Hernandez-Illas M, D'Alessio DA, Milicevic Z. LY3437943, a novel triple GIP, GLP-1, and glucagon receptor agonist in people with type 2 diabetes: a phase 1b, multicentre, double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomised, multiple-ascending dose trial. Lancet. 2022;400:1869-1881.
  22. Efficacy and safety of retatrutide, a novel GLP-1, GIP, and glucagon receptor agonist: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Proc (Bayl Univ Med Cent). 2025.